Is the Existing Body of Knowledge Available to a Person of Ordinary Skills in the Art

Direction: Management as a scientific discipline, arts and profession!

Some authors regard direction as science considering in that location are well tested and experimented principles of management, some authors describe direction as an fine art because more practice is required in management and some authors consider that direction is going towards the paths of profession.

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To conclude whether management is scientific discipline, art or profession, we must sympathise the features and meanings of science, fine art and profession and compare them with management meaning and features.

Management as a Scientific discipline :

Science tin be defined as a systematic and organised body of noesis based on logically observed findings, facts and events.

Science comprises of exact principles which tin be verified and it tin plant cause and outcome relations.

Main characteristics/features of science are:

1. Systematic body of noesis:

In science organised and systematic study fabric is available which is used to larn the knowledge of science. Similar scientific discipline in management also there is availability of systematic and organised study cloth. So beginning characteristic of science is present in management.

2. Scientific principles are derived on the basis of logical and scientific observations:

The scientists perform logical ascertainment before deriving any principle or theory. They are very objective while doing the observations. But when managers are observing they take to discover man beings and observation of human beingness cannot be purely logical and objective.

Some kind of subjectivity enters in the observations and then this characteristic of scientific discipline is not nowadays in management. All the scientific principles have same effect, wherever we endeavour them whereas effect of direction principles varies from i situation to other.

iii. Principles are based on repeated experiments:

Before developing scientific principles scientists exam these principles under different weather and places. Similarly, managers besides exam and experiment managerial principles nether different conditions in different organisations. So this characteristic of science is present in management.

iv. Universal Validity:

Scientific principles have universal application and validity. Management principles are not exact similar scientific principles so their application and employ is not universal. They accept to be modified according to the given situation. And so this feature of science is not present in management.

5. Replication is possible:

In science replication is possible equally when two scientists are undertaking the same investigation working independently and treating the aforementioned information under the same weather condition may want or obtain the identical or exactly same result.

Just in direction managers have to carry enquiry or experiments on human beings. So if' two managers are investigating same information, on different sets of human beings they will not get identical or same consequence considering human beings never reply in exactly identical way. So this feature of science is also non present in direction.

Management equally an Fine art :

Art tin be defined as systematic body of knowledge which requires skill, creativity and exercise to get perfection.

The master features of art are:

i. Systematic body of knowledge/Existence of theoretical knowledge:

In every art there is systematic and organized study material bachelor to acquire theoretical knowledge of the art. For example, various books on dissimilar ragas are available in music. In management also there is systematic and organised body of knowledge available which can aid in acquiring managerial studies. Then this feature of art is present in management also.

2. Personalised application:

In the field of art simply theoretical knowledge is not enough. Every creative person must have personal skill and creativity to apply that noesis. For case, all musicians learn same ragas but they employ these ragas according to their personal skill and creativity which makes them unlike.

In direction also all managers learn same management theories and principles. But their efficiency depends on how well they use these principles nether different situations by applying personal skills and creativity so this feature of art is also nowadays in management.

3. Based on Practice and inventiveness:

The artist requires regular exercise of art to go more fine and perfect. Without practice artists lose their perfection. Fine art requires artistic practice, i.east., artist must add his inventiveness to the theoretical cognition he has learned. Same way with experience managers also improves their managerial skills and efficiency. So this characteristic of fine art is also present in management.

Direction: Both Science and Fine art :

Management is both science as well every bit art. Like scientific discipline it has systematic and well- organised torso of knowledge and like art it requires personal skill, inventiveness and practice to apply such noesis in the best possible manner. Science and fine art are not in contrast to each other; both exist together in every function of direction.

Management as a Profession :

Profession tin be defined as an occupation backed by specialised knowledge and preparation, in which entry is restricted.

The main features of profession are:

i. Well divers Body of knowledge:

In every profession there is practise of systematic body of knowledge which helps the professionals to proceeds specialised cognition of that profession. In instance of direction also there is availability of systematic trunk of knowledge.

At that place are large numbers of books available on management studies. Scholars are studying diverse concern situations and are trying to develop new principles to tackle these situations. So soon this feature of profession is present in management also.

two. Restricted Entry:

The entry to a profession is restricted through an test or degree. For instance a person can practise every bit Doctor only when he is having MBBS degree.

Whereas there is no legal restriction on appointment of a manager, anyone tin can get a director irrespective of the educational qualification. But now many companies prefer to appoint managers only with MBA degree. And so presently this feature of profession is not present in management but very soon it volition be included with statutory backing.

3. Presence of professional associations:

For all the professions, special associations are established and every professional has to go himself registered with his association before practising that profession. For example, doctors have to get themselves registered with Medical Council of India, lawyers with Bar Quango of India etc.

In case of management various direction associations are fix at national and international levels which have some membership rules and set of upstanding codes, for example, AIMA in New Delhi, National Institute of Personal Management at Calcutta etc., but legally information technology is not compulsory for managers to become a role of these organisations past registration. And so presently this characteristic of profession is not present in management but very soon it will be included and get statutory backing besides.

4. Being of ethical codes:

For every profession there are ready of upstanding codes fixed by professional person organisations and are binding on all the professionals of that profession. In case of direction there is growing emphasis on ethical behaviour of managers. All India Management Clan (AIMA) has devised a code of conduct for Indian managers. But legally information technology is not compulsory for all the managers to get registered with AIMA and bide by the ethical codes.

So presently this characteristic of profession is not present in management but very soon it will be included with statutory backing.

5. Service Motive:

The basic motive of every profession is to serve the clients with dedication. Whereas basic purpose of management is achievement of direction goal, for example for a business organisation the goal tin can be turn a profit maximisation.

Merely present just profit maximisation cannot be the sole goal of an enterprise. To survive in market for a long period of time, a businessman must give due importance to social objectives along with economic objectives. And so shortly this feature of profession is not present but very soon it will exist included.

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Source: https://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/management/management-management-as-a-science-arts-and-profession/8604

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